How many pronouns in Arabic language? | Noor Academy
How many pronouns are in the Arabic language?
There are 12 Arabic pronouns that are different from the English pronouns, for example in English we have “I”, “you”, “he”, “she”, and “it” is singular, and “we”, “you”, “they” in the plural.
While Arabic pronouns are divided into singular, dual, and plural pronouns. When do we use the Dual pronouns? When talking about two people. If there are more than two then you will use the plural Arabic pronouns.
What is pronoun in Arabic?
Just like in the English language, pronouns in the Arabic language are used to replace the name of an object or person. In English, we use “I”, “you”, “he”, “she”, “it”, “we”, “you”, and “they” while in Arabic “ana”, “anti”, “antum”, etc.
Are there pronouns in Arabic?
Yes, like any other language there are pronouns in Arabic. However, the use of pronouns is different based on multiple things like gender, singular, dual, and plural.
What are the main types of pronouns in Arabic?
There are mainly two types of pronouns in Arabic, and they are:
- Attached pronouns: this type of pronoun is attached to the word whether it is a verb, noun, or particle.
- Detached pronouns: this one comes separated from the word.
Attached pronouns.
As we said above the Attached pronouns in Arabic come attached to the word whether it is a verb, noun, or particle, and it’s attached to the end of the word. When the attached pronoun is added to a verb it represents the subject or object. When added to a noun it comes as a possessive pronoun. When added to the end of a particle the pronoun works as an object of a preposition.
Here are all Arabic pronouns (third person):
| English | Arabic | |
| singular | His | هُ |
| For him | لَهُ | |
| Her | هَا | |
| For her | لَها | |
| Only her | إِيَّاهَا | |
| Dual | Theirs (two) | هُمَا |
| For them (two) | لَهُمَا | |
| Only them (two) | إِيَّاهُما | |
| Their (two) (fem.) | هُمَا | |
| For them (two) (fem) | لَهُمَا | |
| Only them (two) (fem) | إَيَّاهُمَا | |
| Plural | their (all) | هُمْ |
| For them (all) | لَهُمْ | |
| Only him | إِيَّاهُ | |
| Only them (all) | إِيَّاهُمَا | |
| Their (all) (fem) | هُنَّ | |
| For them (all) (fem) | لَهُنَّ | |
| Only them (all) (fem) | إِيَّاهُنَّ |
Examples:
هِيَ مُسْلِمَةٌ
She is Muslim
هُمَا مُسْلِمَتَانِ
They are both Muslims
هُنَّ مُسْلِمَاتٌ
They are Muslims
رَبُّهَا
Her Lord
رَبُّهُمَا
Their Lord
رَبُّهُنَّ
Their Lord
خَلَقَهَا
He created her
خَلَقَهُمَا
He created them
خَلَقَهُنَّ
He created them
Detached pronouns.
Detached pronouns come separately from the words.
the number of detached pronouns in Arabic.
| English | Arabic | |
| singular | He | هُوَ |
| She | هِيَ | |
| Dual | They two | هُمَا |
| They two (fem) | هُمَا | |
| Plural | They all | هُمْ |
| They (all) (fem) | هُنَّ |
Examples:
هُوَ مُسْلِمٌ
He is Muslim
هُمَا مُسْلِمَانِ
They are both Muslims
هُم مُسْلِمُوْنَ
They are Muslims
رَبُّهُ
His Lord
رَبُّهُمَا
Their Lord
رَبُهُمْ
Their Lord
خَلَقَهُ
He created him
خَلَقَهُمَا
He created them
خَلَقَهُم
He created them
How are pronouns conjugated in Arabic?
Conjugation of pronouns in case of Subject pronouns in Arabic: in subject pronouns, they take the place of nouns and represent the subject of the sentence. They include: (I, you, we, he, she, we, they).
أنا من أمريكا (ana min amriika)
I am from the US.
هو مهندس (howwa mohandis)
He is an engineer.
Most of the time you don’t need to use the subject pronoun as you can tell from the verb which is the subject. Therefore, subject pronouns are used to emphasize something or in sentences that don’t contain verbs like the above examples.
In the English language, we only have the pronoun “you” that is used in case of talking about two persons or more or when talking to them, or even when talking to a person. While in the Arabic language the pronoun differs based on the gender of the person you are talking to.
Object pronouns in Arabic: the object pronoun is used when someone is doing something to someone else, meaning, when you want to say someone hit someone else, for example, you will say he hit her or she hit him. In Arabic it will be ضربته (Darabatu) or ضربها (Darabha). Another example:
يشكرون (yaškuruuni)
They thank me.
What are demonstrative pronouns in Arabic?
To point to something or to identify it we use the demonstrative pronouns Arabic. The demonstrative pronoun comes before the noun that it describes or refers to.
| Arabic | |
| this (masc.) | هذا (haada) |
| this man | هذا الرجل (haada r-rajul) |
| this lesson | هذا الدرس (haada d-dars) |
| this (fem.) | هذه (haadihi) |
| this girl | هذه البنت (haadihi l-bint) |
| this pillow | هذه المخدة (haadihi l-mixadda) |
| These books are long | هذه الكتب طويلة (haadihi l-kutub Tawiila) |
| These cars are new | هذه السيارات جديدة (haadihi s-sayaraat jadiida) |
| that (masc.) | ذلك (daalika) |
| that man | ذلك الرجل (daalika r-rajul) |
| that (fem.) | تلك (tilka) |
| that girl | تلك البنت (tilka l-bint) |
| these (masc. dual) | هذان | هذين (haadaani/haadeini)* |
| These (two) boys are Egyptian | هذان الولدان مصريان (haadaani l-waladaan miSriyaan) |
| I saw these (two) boys | رأيت هذين الولدين (ra’eitu haadeini l-waladein) |
| these (fem. dual) | هتان | هتين (haataani/haateini)* |
| these (two) girls | هتان البنتان (haataani l-bintaan) |
| I saw these (two) girls | رأيت هتين الولدين (ra’eitu haateini l-bintein) |
| these (masc. and fem. pl.) | هؤلا (haa’ulaa) |
| these men | هؤلا الرجال (haa’ulaa r-rijaal) |
| these girls | هؤلا البنات (haa’ulaa l-banaat) |
| those (masc. and fem. pl.) | أولائك (uulaa’ika) |
| those men | أولائك الرجل (uulaa’ika r-rijaal) |
| those girls | أولائك البنات (uulaa’ika l-banaat) |
what are the names of pronouns in Arabic?
- Arabic Subject Pronouns – ضمائر الفاعل
- Arabic Object Pronouns – ضمائر المفعول به
- Arabic Possessive Pronouns
1-Arabic Subject Pronouns – ضمائر الفاعل
subject pronouns take the place of nouns and represent the subject of the sentence. They include: (I, you, we, he, she, we, they).
Mostly we don’t use the subject pronoun in Arabic because you can know the subject from the verb itself. Therefore, subject pronouns are used to emphasize something or are used in sentences that don’t contain verbs
Arabic pronouns chart (Subject pronouns)
| English | Standard Arabic | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Singular | I | أنا (ana) | |
| you (masc.) | انتَ (anta) | انت (inta) | |
| you (fem.) | انتِ (anti) | انتى (inti) | |
| he | هو (howwa) | ||
| she | هي (heyya) | ||
| Dual | we | نحن (naHnu) | |
| you | أنتما (antuma) | ||
| they | هما (humaa) | ||
| Plural | we | نحن (naHnu) | احنا (eHna) |
| you (masc.) | أنتم (antum) | انتو (intu) | |
| you (fem.) | أنتن (antunna) | ||
| they (masc.) | هم (homa) | هم (homa) | |
| they (fem.) | هن (hunna) |
أنا أتحدث العربية (‘ana ‘atahadath alearabia)
- I speak Arabic.
- انت لطيف (‘ant latif)
- You’re kind.
2- Arabic Object Pronouns – ضمائر المفعول به
We use the object pronoun in the Arabic language to show that the action is affecting someone or something directly. Additionally, the object pronoun is classified as one of the attached pronouns which means that it’s added to the end of the word and doesn’t come separately. Here’s an example:
- كلمني (kalmuni)
- Call me!
Arabic pronouns list (Object pronouns)
| English | Standard Arabic | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Singular | me | ـني (-ni) | |
| you (masc.) | ـكَ (-ka) | ـك (-ak) | |
| you (fem.) | ـكِ (-ki) | ـك (-ik) | |
| him | ـه (-u) | ||
| her | ـها (-ha) | ||
| Dual | us | ـنا (-na) | |
| you | ـكما (-kuma) | ||
| them | ـهما (-huma) | ||
| Plural | us | ـنا (-na) | |
| you (masc.) | ـكم (-kum) | ـكو \ـكم (-ku/-kum) | |
| you (fem.) | ـكن (-kunna) | ||
| them (masc.) | ـهم (-hum) | ـهم (-hom) | |
| them (fem.) | ـهن (-hunna) |
3-What is a possessive pronoun in Arabic?
Arabic Possessive Pronouns are the pronouns that are used to show the ownership of something, in English, they are “my”, “you”, “his”, “her”, “our”, “your”, and “their”. Possessive pronouns in Arabic have attached pronouns, they come attached to the end of a word. Additionally, the possessive pronoun differs based on gender. Here are some examples:
- كلبي (klbi)
- my dog
- كلبك (kalbak)
- your dog
- كلبه (klbah)
- his dog
- كلبها (kalabaha)
- her dog
- كتابي
- My book
- كتابكَ
- Your (m.) book
- كتابكِ
- Your (f.) book
- كتابه
- His book
- كتابها
- Her book
- كتابنا
- Our book
- كتابكما
- Your book
- كتابهما
- Their book
- كتابنا
- Our book
- كتابكم
- Your (m.) book
- كتابكن
- Your (f.) book
- كتابهم
- Their (m.) book
- كتابهن
- Their (f.) book
Arabic possessive pronouns list.
| English | Standard Arabic | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Singular | my | ـي (-i) | |
| your (masc.) | ـكَ (-ka) | ـك (-ak) | |
| your (fem.) | ـكِ (-ki) | ـك (-ik) | |
| his | ـه (-u) | ||
| her | ـها (-ha) | ||
| Dual | our | ـنا (-na) | |
| your | ـكما (-kuma) | ||
| their | ـهما (-huma) | ||
| Plural | our | ـنا (-na) | |
| your (masc.) | ـكم (-kum) | ـكو\ـكم (-ku/-kum) | |
| your (fem.) | ـكن (-kunna) | ||
| their (masc.) | ـهم (-hum) | ـهم (-hom) | |
| their (fem.) | ـهن (-hunna) |
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